Joan was born on 23 April 1464 in the castle of Pierre de BrΓ©zΓ©, a trusted supporter of her grandfather, King Charles VII of France, at Nogent-le-Roi in the County of Dreux. She entered the world as the second surviving daughter of King Louis XI of France and his second wife, Charlotte of Savoy. Her arrival brought profound disappointment to her father, who desperately wanted a male heir to secure the throne of France.
But the disappointment turned to something far worse when it became clear that the infant princess was not healthy. Joan was born sickly and deformed. Historical sources describe her as having severe physical disabilities—she was born with a clubfoot and severe scoliosis. She walked with a pronounced limp and had a visible hunchback that made her appearance markedly different from the beautiful princesses typically depicted in royal portraits.
King Louis XI's reaction to his daughter was not merely disappointment but active hatred. She was hated from birth by her father, partly because of her sex and partly on account of her being sickly and deformed. Some sources even suggest that he attempted her life in his anger and frustration. For a king obsessed with consolidating power and securing his dynasty, this deformed daughter represented failure and embarrassment.
Sent away to be brought up by guardians in a lonely country chÒteau, and deprived not only of every advantage due to her rank, but even of common comforts and almost of necessities, little Joan was exiled from the royal court before she could even understand why. Louis XI put her in the charge of distant relatives, Baron François de Lignières et d'Amplepuis and his wife, Anne de Culan, shortly after her fifth birthday.
The king's cruelty was calculated and public. He wanted his unwanted daughter hidden away where she would not remind him of his disappointment or embarrass the royal family with her appearance. For a child—especially a child who had done nothing wrong except be born female and disabled—this rejection must have been devastating.
Yet in God's mysterious providence, this exile became the foundation of Joan's sanctity.
The Love That Saved Her: Foster Parents and Faith (1469-1476)
What King Louis XI intended as punishment became instead a blessing. The Baron François de Linières and his wife, Anne de Culan, who were childless, lavished affection on Joan. These good people saw past the little girl's physical deformities to the beautiful soul within. They loved her not because she was a princess, but simply because she was a child who needed love.
Taking charge of her education, they had her taught both poetry and mathematics, painting, embroidery and how to play the lute. Despite her father's neglect, Joan received an education befitting a royal princess. More remarkably, given the attitudes of the time toward people with disabilities, her guardians educated her mind as well as her more traditionally feminine skills. Joan proved to be intellectually gifted—her body might have been twisted, but her mind was sharp and her heart eager to learn.
The couple were also faithful Catholics and instilled in the members of their household a solid grounding in the faith. This spiritual formation would prove to be the most important gift they gave young Joan. In their home, she learned to pray, to love the Mass, and above all, to have deep devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.
She spent long hours in a small side chapel of the church, which its owner – LignΓ¨res – had to prepare for her. The Baron, understanding the little girl's contemplative bent, had a special path paved between the castle and the chapel so that Joan—with her clubfoot and limp—could more easily reach her place of prayer, even in poor weather. This simple act of thoughtfulness speaks volumes about the love and respect this childless couple had for their royal ward.
Joan's spiritual life blossomed in this atmosphere of love and faith. The little girl longed for one thing only: "To please the Queen of Heaven." She was merely seven, when she asked Mary in prayer in what manner she could please her best, and in her heart she received the answer: "Before you die, you shall found the Order in my honor; this is the greatest pleasure that you can give to my Son and myself".
Imagine a seven-year-old child, rejected by her father, marked by physical deformity, already showing such spiritual maturity that she's asking the Mother of God how to please her! And imagine receiving such a specific promise—that she would one day found a religious order in Mary's honor. Joan treasured this revelation in her heart, just as Mary had treasured the angel's message at the Annunciation. She didn't know how or when this promise would be fulfilled, but she believed it with absolute faith.
At a young age, her father asked her to name the confessor she wanted. She gave him the only name she knew, that of Jean de La Fontaine, Guardian of the Franciscan friary in Amboise. The king approved her choice and appointed the friar to this post. Under this Franciscan's spiritual direction, Joan was admitted into the Third Order of Saint Francis, beginning a lifelong connection with the Franciscan spirit of poverty, humility, and joy.
In 1471 King Louis XI ordered the catechism of reciting the Hail Mary for peace to be practised throughout the kingdom. Joan had a strong attachment to this particular prayer. The Ave Maria became the soundtrack of her life, the prayer that would sustain her through all the trials to come.
The Political Marriage: A Tool of Dynasty (1476)
King Louis XI might have banished his deformed daughter from his sight, but he had not forgotten about her political usefulness. He had a scheme, and Joan was the key to it.
Shortly after her birth, the king signed an agreement to marry her to his second cousin Louis, the Duke of OrlΓ©ans, later King Louis XII of France, who was aged two at the time. But the formal wedding would wait until Joan was twelve years old.
Louis of OrlΓ©ans posed a threat to King Louis XI. Louis of OrlΓ©ans was a political rival of Joan's family, as he belonged to a cadet branch of the House of Valois and had a claim to the French throne. If the king's only son (the future Charles VIII) died without heirs, Louis of OrlΓ©ans would have a strong claim to succeed him. The Duke also had claims to the wealthy Duchy of Milan, making him even more dangerous.
King Louis XI's solution was brutally calculating. Louis XI may have believed that Joan was infertile as a result of her disabilities. It was thus possible that she could eliminate the threat posed by the OrlΓ©ans claim if she were to marry and never conceive a child. In other words, the king deliberately married his disabled daughter to his political rival in the hopes that she would be unable to bear children, thus extinguishing the OrlΓ©ans line.
The king made his intentions chillingly clear: "I have resolved to make the marriage of my little daughter Joan and the little Duke of OrlΓ©ans because it seems to me that the children they will have together will cost nothing to feed. I warn you that I hope to make this marriage and those who oppose it will not be sure of their lives in my realm".
Think about what this means. The king was essentially saying that any children from this union would be so sickly and deformed that they wouldn't live long enough to need much feeding. It's hard to imagine a more cruel and cynical statement about one's own daughter.
On 8 September 1476, at the age of 12, Joan was married to the young Louis II, Duke of OrlΓ©ans in Montrichard. The groom was fourteen. This marriage was arranged because Joan, due to her malformation, was expected to be sterile. By doing so, Louis XI (of France) hoped to extinguish the OrlΓ©ans cadet branch of the House of Valois.
Louis II (of OrlΓ©ans) was displeased at this forced marriage, and his treatment of his new wife reflected this. The young duke made no secret of his contempt for the bride who had been forced upon him. He considered her ugly, deformed, and beneath him. He lived apart from her, humiliated her publicly, and made it clear to everyone that their marriage was a prison sentence for him.
Joan, however, responded with patience and love. She genuinely loved her husband despite his cruelty toward her. She prayed for him, served him, and sought his welfare even when he showed her nothing but contempt.
Twenty-Two Years of Suffering (1476-1498)
The marriage that began with such promising hopes for Joan—after all, she was now a duchess, and might someday be queen—turned into more than two decades of humiliation and loneliness.
The duke hated the wife imposed upon him, and even publicly insulted her in every possible way. Louis of OrlΓ©ans did not merely ignore his wife; he actively worked to humiliate her. He paraded mistresses before her, fathered illegitimate children (including Michel de Bussy, who was later appointed the Bishop of Bourges), and made it publicly known that he found his wife repulsive.
She, imagining virtues in her husband that did not exist, loved him tenderly. This detail is both heartbreaking and holy. Joan didn't respond to cruelty with bitterness. She didn't harden her heart against the man who treated her so badly. Instead, she chose to see the best in him, to love him, to hope for his conversion and happiness.
When Louis got into political trouble—from 1484 to 1488, Joan's husband, Louis II of OrlΓ©ans, began a series of military campaigns against the kingdom and was taken captive by the royal forces—Joan did not celebrate her tormentor's downfall. Instead, when he got into disgrace and was imprisoned she exerted herself to mitigate his sufferings and to get him freed. She pleaded with her brother, King Charles VIII (who had succeeded their father), to show mercy to her husband. Her prayers and tears saved Louis from execution for treason and shortened his imprisonment.
This is the love Christ commands—love of enemies, prayer for persecutors, good returned for evil. Joan lived it heroically for twenty-two years.
Throughout this long trial, Joan clung to two virtues she had resolved to imitate from the Blessed Virgin Mary: silence and humility. She did not complain publicly about her treatment. She did not seek sympathy or try to turn public opinion against her husband. She bore her cross in silence, offering her suffering to God and trusting in His providence.
From Queen to Rejected Wife (1498)
Then, in 1498, everything changed. Charles VIII died unexpectedly in 1498, hitting his head on the lintel of a door at the ChΓ’teau d'Amboise after a game of tennis. It was one of history's most bizarre royal deaths—the King of France, dead from hitting his head on a doorframe. His marriage to Anne of Brittany had produced no surviving children—all six had died young—so the throne passed to the next male heir: Louis of OrlΓ©ans.
Suddenly, after twenty-two years of misery, Joan of Valois was Queen of France.
But her triumph lasted mere months. No sooner, however, was the duke, on the death of Charles VIII, raised to the throne of France as Louis XII, than he got his marriage with Jeanne annulled at Rome.
Louis XII wanted to marry Anne of Brittany, his predecessor's widow, to keep the strategically vital Duchy of Brittany under French control. Charles VIII had specified that if he were to die without heirs, Anne of Brittany should immediately wed his successor. This would allow the French to retain control over Brittany. To marry Anne, Louis needed to get rid of Joan.
Following his coronation, Louis XII sent one of Joan's oldest friends, Louis II de la TrΓ©moille, to pressure her into dissolving the marriage. This betrayal—using her close friend to deliver the blow—must have stung deeply.
The annulment process was humiliating. Louis, being a real twatwaffle, claimed that the marriage to Joan "had never been consummated due to her physical deformity, and provided a rich variety of detail as to how she was malformed". In front of the entire Church and all of Europe, Louis XII publicly detailed his wife's physical disabilities and claimed she was so deformed that he could not consummate the marriage with her.
The commission of investigation appointed by the pope established that the marriage with Joan was invalid for lack of consent and that it never had been consummated. Accordingly, he ruled against the Queen. The annulment was declared on 15 December 1498.
However, the king had a very strong political reason for his marriage to be voided, and Pope Alexander VI didn't want to vex the crown of France when the papacy was having such troubles with the God-forsaken Reformation breaking out all of Europe. King Louis further sweetened the pot and gave a large "gift" to the Vatican, after which the pope ruled against Joan of Valois. In other words, the annulment was granted for political and financial reasons, not strictly canonical ones.
The saint's humiliations reached their climax when she found herself, in the face of all France, an unjustly repudiated wife and queen. After twenty-two years of faithful, patient, loving service to a man who despised her, Joan was publicly rejected and humiliated. She was stripped of her title as queen. Her husband married another woman within months.
How did Joan respond? Joan stepped aside, saying that she would pray for her former husband. More fully, she graciously accepted the title of Duchess of Berry, saying, "If so it is to be, praised be the Lord".
"If so it is to be, praised be the Lord." These words are the key to understanding Joan's sanctity. She accepted God's will—even when it came through the unjust actions of sinful men—with total surrender. She echoed Mary's "Be it done to me according to your word." By her choice of name for her nuns, she emphasized the parallel between the Virgin Mary's "Be it done to me" and her own "If so it is to be".
But the two special virtues in which Jeanne had resolved to imitate the Blessed Virgin were silence and humility; hence, though she bravely contested the matter while it was of any use, she accepted the verdict, when it came, without a complaint, merely thanking God that it left her free to serve His Mother as she had always hoped to do, by founding an order for her service.
At last, the prophecy she had received at age seven could be fulfilled. The door to her true vocation was opening.
The Duchess of Berry: Governance and Prayer (1498-1501)
She was made Duchess of Berry and retired to Bourges, capital of the duchy. Louis XII, perhaps feeling some guilt, or perhaps simply wanting to keep her quiet and comfortable, granted her the entire province of Berry to govern.
Joan could have spent the rest of her life in bitter resentment, nursing her wounds and dwelling on all she had suffered. Instead, she embraced her new responsibilities with the same faithfulness she had shown in her unhappy marriage.
Going to live at Bourges, its capital, she fulfilled all her duties as ruler with strict conscientiousness and tender care for her subjects' welfare. She governed wisely and charitably, showing particular concern for the poor and marginalized. She established hospitals, supported education, promoted justice, and used her wealth to help those in need.
She had a deep sense of responsibility for the management of the state, even if it was just a small principality of Berry, and the notion of resigning from the mission entrusted to her not only by the king of France but by God, the Lord of all power, never crossed her mind. Joan understood that her authority came ultimately from God, not from men, and that she had a sacred duty to use it well.
But governance was not her only focus. Once settled in her new domain, Joan confided to her spiritual director, Gabriel Mary, her call to monastic life. For thirty years she had carried in her heart the prophecy she received as a seven-year-old child: that she would found a religious order in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Now, at last, she was free to fulfill it.
Father Gabriel Mary (also known as Blessed Gilbert Nicolas), a Franciscan friar, became her collaborator in this great work. "Compelled by God and His Blessed Mother," Joan insisted during illness: "Father, it is because of you that I'm sick and may soon die if you won't help me fulfill my desire to found the Order of the Virgin Mary". When Father Gabriel hesitated, worried about the difficulties and obstacles, Joan's persistent faith won him over. He had witnessed her heroic patience through the annulment, her perseverance, and her extraordinary love for the Virgin Mary. He promised all possible assistance.
When he asked if the Virgin Mary had perhaps revealed the Rule of the Order, Joan humbly let him know an inner inspiration, a clear indication received from Mary: "Have them write down in the Rule everything that you can find about me in the Gospel".
This simple but profound idea became the foundation of the Order's spirituality. The sisters would not follow elaborate human rules, but would seek to imitate the virtues of Mary as revealed in Sacred Scripture.
The Order of the Annunciation: A Dream Fulfilled (1500-1502)
In 1501 the rule of the Annunciation was finally approved by Alexander VI. The chief aim of the institute was to imitate the ten virtues practised by Our Lady in the mystery of the Incarnation, the superioress being called "Ancelle," handmaid, in honor of Mary's humility.
The Ten Evangelical Virtues that formed the heart of the Rule were identified from the Gospels:
- Purity – imitating Mary's virginal purity of heart and body
- Prudence – following Mary's wise discernment in all things
- Humility – echoing Mary's recognition of her lowliness before God
- Faith – trusting as Mary trusted the angel's impossible message
- Praise – magnifying the Lord as Mary did in her Magnificat
- Obedience – submitting to God's will as Mary submitted
- Poverty – embracing simplicity and detachment as Mary did
- Patience – enduring trials with Mary's serene fortitude
- Charity – loving God and neighbor with Mary's perfect love
- Compassion – sharing in the suffering of others as Mary shared in Christ's Passion
Inspired by the founding of the Order, Blessed Gilbert wrote the Rule of the Ten Virtues of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary. He reasoned that since Mary was the model for the Sisters, her virtues — as named in the Gospels — should form the basis of their rule of life.
It was established as an independent branch of the Poor Clares, though focused specifically on imitating Mary rather than just following the Franciscan charism generally. The sisters came to be known as the Annunciades, and they founded Les Annonciades of Bourges, a contemplative order of nuns to pray and work for reconciliation of enemies.
This last detail—praying for reconciliation of enemies—surely flowed from Joan's own experience. She had lived through decades of familial estrangement, political conflict, and personal betrayal. She knew the pain that enmity causes, and she dedicated her order to healing such wounds through prayer.
St. Jane built and endowed the first convent of the Order in 1502. Using her wealth as Duchess of Berry, she constructed a beautiful monastery where her spiritual daughters could live out the Marian virtues in contemplative peace.
In 1503, at the age of thirty-nine, Joan herself took the veil and made her solemn profession in the Order she had founded. The rejected queen, the abandoned wife, the deformed princess became Sister Joan, a simple nun among her sisters. She was buried in the royal crown and purple, beneath which lay the habit of her Order—a detail that would be fulfilled at her death, symbolizing that her truest identity was not as royalty but as a servant of the Virgin Mary.
Final Years and Holy Death (1503-1505)
Joan's time as a professed religious was brief. After a lifetime of suffering and only a few short years of fulfilling her true vocation, God called her home.
She died on February 4, 1505, at the age of forty, in Bourges. She was buried in the chapel of the convent she founded in Bourges. The chronicles tell us that she died in great peace, surrounded by her spiritual daughters, having at last accomplished the mission Mary had given her as a seven-year-old child.
Soon after her death, miracles and healings attributed to her were said to have occurred. The people who had known her—who had witnessed her patience in suffering, her charity to the poor, her faithful governance, and her holy life—immediately recognized her as a saint.
Destruction and Vindication (1505-1950)
Joan's story did not end peacefully. On May 27, 1562, during the sack of Bourges by the Huguenots, Jeanne's tomb was desecrated and her remains were burned. The Protestant forces that conquered Bourges in the French Wars of Religion specifically targeted Catholic holy sites, and Joan's monastery was destroyed. Her body was dug up and burned, though rumor spread that it had been found incorrupt in the grave before its desecration.
Even this final humiliation could not destroy Joan's witness. The miracles continued. Her spiritual legacy lived on through the Order of the Annunciation, which survived and spread despite the destruction of the motherhouse.
The cause for her canonization began in 1631, though it would take centuries to complete. Pope Benedict XIV beatified her on April 21, 1742, recognizing her heroic virtue and declaring her "Blessed."
But the process stalled. Though the process of canonization had been introduced in 1614, owing to various delays and hindrances, she has never been actually canonized, though universally known as a saint—or so it seemed to those writing in the early 20th century.
Finally, after more than four centuries of waiting, Jeanne was canonized as a saint on May 28, 1950, by Pope Pius XII. The rejected princess, the humiliated queen, the deformed daughter whom her father tried to hide from the world was officially declared a saint by the universal Church. Her feast day is celebrated on February 4, the anniversary of her death.
The Order Today
The nuns of the Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary still maintain their way of life in four convents in France and convents in Belgium, Costa Rica, and Poland. More than 500 years after Joan founded the order, her spiritual daughters continue to pray the Chaplet of the Ten Evangelical Virtues and to imitate the Mother of God in their daily lives.
From this Order later sprang the religious congregation of the Apostolic Sisters of the Annunciation, founded in 1787 to teach the children of the poor, extending Joan's charism into active apostolic work while maintaining the Marian focus.
According to the Sisters' history, the "Chaplet of the Ten Evangelical Virtues of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary" was then composed by St. Joanne. This beautiful prayer, which Joan composed for her sisters, is still prayed today by those devoted to her and to the Blessed Mother. It consists of praying the Hail Mary with each of Mary's ten virtues inserted, meditating on how we can imitate the Mother of God in our own lives.
Spiritual Legacy and Lessons for Today
Saint Joan of Valois speaks powerfully to the modern world, offering lessons that are perhaps more relevant now than ever:
Beauty Beyond the Physical: Joan lived in a world that valued physical beauty, especially in royal women. Her severe physical disabilities made her "unmarketable" in the marriage market and gave her father an excuse to despise her. Yet she became a saint precisely by embracing her crosses and finding her identity not in her body but in her soul. In our age of obsessive focus on physical appearance, cosmetic surgery, and social media image-crafting, Joan reminds us that true beauty is interior. Joan's death mask reminds us that physical beauty is not nearly as important as an individual's intellectual, emotional, and spiritual qualities.
The Dignity of People with Disabilities: Joan was treated as less-than-human because of her disabilities. Her father called her worthless, her husband claimed she was too deformed for marriage, and society saw her as pitiable at best. Yet the Church declared her a saint—proclaiming that this woman with severe scoliosis and a clubfoot lived a life of heroic virtue worthy of universal imitation. Every person with a disability today can look to Joan and see a powerful witness that their dignity comes from God, not from physical perfection.
Total Surrender to God's Will: "If so it is to be, praised be the Lord" became Joan's life motto. She faced rejection by her father, a forced marriage, decades of humiliation, public annulment, and the destruction of her plans for queenship. Each time, she surrendered to God's providence without bitterness. In an age when we're encouraged to fight for our rights, demand what we deserve, and never accept injustice, Joan's radical acceptance challenges us. She teaches us that sometimes God's will comes through terrible circumstances, and our holiness consists in embracing it anyway.
Love of Enemies: Jesus commands us to love our enemies and pray for those who persecute us. Joan lived this heroically. She loved the husband who despised her, prayed for the father who rejected her, and continued to pray for the ex-husband who humiliated her. She interceded for Louis when he was imprisoned, saving him from execution. After the annulment, she promised to continue praying for him. This is Christianity in practice, not just theory.
Silent Suffering: Joan deliberately chose silence and humility as her special virtues. She didn't write memoirs exposing her husband's cruelty. She didn't seek public sympathy or try to win people to her side. She bore her crosses quietly, offering her suffering to God. In an age of constant sharing, venting, and public processing of every grievance, Joan's silence is countercultural and challenging. There is a place for speaking truth and seeking justice, but there is also profound holiness in bearing certain sufferings quietly, known only to God.
Delayed Vocations: Joan received her vocation at age seven but couldn't fulfill it until age thirty-six. For twenty-nine years, she carried that promise in her heart, not knowing how it would be fulfilled, watching year after year pass with no apparent progress. Many people today feel called to something—marriage, religious life, a particular apostolate—but find the path blocked or delayed. Joan's life whispers to them: God's timing is perfect. The waiting is not wasted. Hold onto the promise.
From Rejection to Mission: Everything that seemed like a disaster in Joan's life—her physical disabilities, her father's hatred, her failed marriage, her public humiliation—became the foundation for her mission. Her disabilities taught her humility and dependence on God. Her failed marriage gave her time for deep prayer. Her annulment freed her to found her order. God writes straight with crooked lines. What looks like the end of the story is often just the beginning of the real adventure.
Marian Devotion and Imitation: Joan's entire spirituality centered on imitating the Blessed Virgin Mary. She asked Mary how to please her and received a mission. She chose silence and humility as Mary's special virtues. She founded an order to imitate Mary's virtues. She composed prayers honoring Mary. In our Protestant-influenced culture where some Catholics are uncomfortable with strong Marian devotion, Joan reminds us that devotion to Mary leads us more deeply to Christ, never away from Him.
Perseverance Despite Obstacles: Joan faced obstacles at every turn. Her father tried to destroy her vocation before it began. Her marriage imprisoned her in suffering. Political circumstances delayed her order. Even good people raised objections to her foundation. Yet she persevered with patience and prayer, and ultimately God brought her dream to fruition. Anyone pursuing a God-given dream through years of obstacles can find hope in Joan's story.
Intercession and Patronage
Saint Joan of Valois is particularly invoked as a patron saint of:
- People with disabilities and physical deformities
- Rejected spouses and those suffering in difficult marriages
- Those going through divorce or annulment
- Victims of parental abuse or rejection
- Those with delayed vocations
- People struggling to forgive those who have hurt them
- Those devoted to imitating the Blessed Virgin Mary
- The Order of the Annunciation and all Franciscan Tertiaries
Many people have reported miracles and answered prayers through her intercession, particularly in matters related to difficult family situations, healing from the wounds of rejection, and finding peace in suffering.
Conclusion: The Cinderella Saint
The French historian Antoine de LΓ©vis-Mirepoix justly referred to Joan as the "Cinderella of the Valois". Like the fairy tale heroine, Joan was rejected by her family, treated as a servant, forced into a marriage, and ultimately vindicated. But unlike the fairy tale, Joan's vindication didn't come through a prince or a ball gown. It came through suffering embraced, crosses carried, and a will totally surrendered to God's providence.
Sacrificed on the altar of political expediency and subjected to near-constant humiliation, Joan's life was filled with trial and tribulation. Yet it is true too that her fortitude, dignity, and kindness inspired considerable admiration across Renaissance France in her lifetime.
From the moment of her birth, when her father looked at his deformed daughter with hatred, to her death as the beloved foundress of a religious order, Joan's life was a journey from rejection to acceptance—not human acceptance (though that eventually came), but divine acceptance. She learned young that her Father in heaven loved her perfectly, even though her earthly father could not. She learned that the Blessed Mother embraced her when her own family rejected her. She learned that the Bridegroom of her soul, Jesus Christ, found her beautiful beyond measure, even when her earthly husband found her repulsive.
And in learning these truths, she became a saint—a living icon of the truth that our worth comes from God alone, that suffering embraced in love is redemptive, that apparent disasters can become doorways to our deepest vocation, and that "If so it is to be, praised be the Lord" is the prayer that transforms victims into victors and sorrow into sanctity.
Saint Joan of Valois, rejected queen who became the beloved bride of Christ, pray for us!
Feast Day: February 4
Canonized: May 28, 1950, by Pope Pius XII
Patron: People with disabilities, victims of rejection, difficult marriages, the Order of the Annunciation
"If so it is to be, praised be the Lord." – Saint Joan of Valois
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