1. Definition and Inspiration
- The Bible is regarded by Christians as the inspired Word of God, meaning that while human authors wrote the texts, they were guided by the Holy Spirit.
- Catholic teaching emphasizes that Scripture is without error in matters of faith and salvation (Catechism of the Catholic Church, CCC 107).
- It is the foundation of Christian doctrine, ethics, and spiritual life.
2. Structure of the Bible
- Old Testament (Hebrew Scriptures):
- Contains 46 books in the Catholic canon (including the Deuterocanonical books such as Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch, and 1–2 Maccabees).
- Covers creation, the covenant with Israel, the Law, the prophets, and wisdom literature.
- Prepares for the coming of Christ.
- New Testament:
- Contains 27 books.
- Includes the four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John), Acts of the Apostles, Pauline and Catholic Epistles, and Revelation.
- Focuses on Jesus Christ’s life, teachings, death, resurrection, and the mission of the early Church.
3. Catholic Understanding of Scripture
- Sacred Tradition and Scripture: Catholics believe the Bible must be read within the living Tradition of the Church. Scripture and Tradition together form the “deposit of faith.”
- Magisterium: The teaching authority of the Church interprets Scripture authentically.
- Liturgy: The Bible is central to Catholic worship. Readings from the Old and New Testaments are proclaimed at Mass, and the Psalms are prayed daily in the Liturgy of the Hours.
4. Role in Christian Life
- Doctrine: Provides the foundation for Catholic teaching on faith and morals.
- Ethics: Guides believers in living a life of holiness, justice, and charity.
- Prayer: The Psalms, Gospels, and Epistles are used in personal and communal prayer.
- Spiritual Growth: Catholics are encouraged to read and meditate on Scripture, often through practices like Lectio Divina.
5. Authority and Guidance
- The Bible is not just a historical text but a living word that speaks to believers today.
- It shapes Catholic identity, informs moral decisions, and strengthens faith.
- As Vatican II’s Dei Verbum teaches: “In the sacred books, the Father who is in heaven meets His children with great love and speaks with them.”
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