LIST OF POPES

List of Popes: From St. Peter to Pope Francis



The papacy, tracing its origins to the apostle Peter, has been a central institution in the history of Christianity, serving as the spiritual and administrative leader of the Catholic Church. Popes have played pivotal roles in shaping religious doctrine, leading the faithful through turbulent times, and influencing the course of world events. From the early days of the Church to the present day, each pope brings a unique perspective and leadership style to the pontificate.

Throughout history, the papacy has witnessed both triumphs and challenges, including periods of schism, reform, and conflict. Popes have navigated political intrigue, theological debates, and societal changes while upholding the teachings of Christ and the traditions of the Church. Their decisions and actions have left lasting legacies, shaping the beliefs and practices of millions of Catholics worldwide.

This list provides a glimpse into the diverse array of popes who have led the Catholic Church over the centuries, highlighting their contributions, accomplishments, and impact on the faith community. From saintly reformers to influential theologians, each pope has left an indelible mark on the papacy and the world, reflecting the enduring presence and guidance of the Holy Spirit within the Church.


1. St. Peter (c. 30 – c. 64 or 67)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Peter
  • Personal name: Simon Peter
  • Place of Birth: Bethsaida, Galilee
  • St. Peter is considered the first pope and is known for his leadership in the early Christian Church.

2. St. Linus (c. 67 – c. 76)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Linus
  • Personal name: Linus
  • Place of Birth: Volterra, Tuscany
  • St. Linus is the second pope after St. Peter, and while little is known about his papacy, he played a significant role in the early Church.

3. St. Anacletus (Cletus) (c. 76 – c. 88)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Anacletus (Cletus)
  • Personal name: Anacletus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Anacletus, also known as Cletus, governed the Church during a period of peace and growth.

4. St. Clement I (c. 88 – c. 97)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Clement I
  • Personal name: Clement
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Clement I is credited with issuing various letters and decrees and was martyred under Emperor Trajan.

5. St. Evaristus (c. 97 – c. 105)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Evaristus
  • Personal name: Evaristus
  • Place of Birth: Bethlehem, Judea
  • St. Evaristus is known for organizing the Church's hierarchy, and some sources suggest he was martyred.

6. St. Alexander I (c. 105 – c. 115)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Alexander I
  • Personal name: Alexander
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Alexander I is revered for his efforts in clarifying Church doctrine, and he is believed to have been martyred.

7. St. Sixtus I (c. 105 – c. 115)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Sixtus I
  • Personal name: Sixtus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Sixtus I is noted for promoting the liturgy and sacraments, tradition states he was martyred.

8. St. Telesphorus (c. 115 – c. 125)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Telesphorus
  • Personal name: Telesphorus
  • Place of Birth: Terranova da Sibari, Calabria
  • St. Telesphorus is celebrated for instituting the practice of celebrating Christmas on December 25 and is believed to have been martyred.

9. St. Hyginus (c. 125 – c. 136)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Hyginus
  • Personal name: Hyginus
  • Place of Birth: Athens, Greece
  • St. Hyginus is credited with establishing the Church's hierarchical structure, little else is known about his papacy.

10. St. Pius I (c. 136 – c. 140)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Pius I
  • Personal name: Pius
  • Place of Birth: Aquileia, Italy
  • St. Pius I is remembered for his efforts in organizing Church administration and supporting missionary work, thought to have died a martyr.

11. St. Anicetus (c. 140 – c. 155)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Anicetus
  • Personal name: Anicetus
  • Place of Birth: Emesa (modern-day Homs), Syria
  • St. Anicetus is known for his involvement in the Quartodeciman controversy regarding the date of Easter.

12. St. Soter (c. 155 – c. 166)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Soter
  • Personal name: Soter
  • Place of Birth: Fondi, Italy
  • St. Soter is recognized for his letters addressing theological and practical issues within the Church.

13. St. Eleutherius (c. 174 – c. 189)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Eleutherius
  • Personal name: Eleutherius
  • Place of Birth: Nicopolis, Epirus (modern-day Greece)
  • St. Eleutherius is noted for his engagement with various theological matters and for his correspondence with other Christian communities.

14. St. Victor I (c. 189 – c. 199)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Victor I
  • Personal name: Victor
  • Place of Birth: Africa (specific location uncertain)
  • St. Victor I is remembered for his stance on the date of Easter and his efforts to assert Roman authority over other Christian communities.

15. St. Zephyrinus (c. 199 – c. 217)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Zephyrinus
  • Personal name: Zephyrinus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Zephyrinus is known for his role in combating heresies and for his involvement in the development of the Church's hierarchy.

16. St. Callixtus I (c. 217 – c. 222)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Callixtus I
  • Personal name: Callixtus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Callixtus I is recognized for his efforts in reconciling sinners and for his contributions to the organization of the Church's finances.

17. St. Urban I (c. 222 – c. 230)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Urban I
  • Personal name: Urban
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Urban I is known for his leadership during a period of persecution and for his emphasis on the Church's moral teachings.

18. St. Pontian (c. 230 – c. 235)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Pontian
  • Personal name: Pontian
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Pontian is remembered for his dedication to the Church, even amidst persecution, and for his resignation to ensure the continuity of papal succession.

19. St. Anterus (c. 235 – c. 236)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Anterus
  • Personal name: Anterus
  • Place of Birth: Greece (specific location uncertain)
  • St. Anterus is noted for his efforts to address theological controversies and for his martyrdom.

20. St. Fabian (c. 236 – c. 250)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Fabian
  • Personal name: Fabian
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Fabian is celebrated for his election as pope, which was believed to be guided by divine intervention, and for his efforts to organize the Church's clergy.

21. St. Cornelius (c. 251 – c. 253)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Cornelius
  • Personal name: Cornelius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Cornelius is remembered for his defense of the faith against heresy and schism, as well as for his support of persecuted Christians.

22. St. Lucius I (c. 253 – c. 254)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Lucius I
  • Personal name: Lucius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Lucius I is noted for his efforts to address doctrinal disputes and for his care for those affected by persecution.

23. St. Stephen I (c. 254 – c. 257)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Stephen I
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Stephen I is recognized for his leadership during a period of schism and for his contributions to the Church's liturgical practices.

24. St. Sixtus II (c. 257 – 258)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Sixtus II
  • Personal name: Sixtus
  • Place of Birth: Greece (specific location uncertain)
  • St. Sixtus II is known for his martyrdom during the persecution under Emperor Valerian, along with several of his deacons.

25. St. Dionysius (c. 259 – 268)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Dionysius
  • Personal name: Dionysius
  • Place of Birth: Magna Graecia (modern-day Italy or Greece)
  • St. Dionysius is remembered for his theological writings and for his efforts to maintain unity within the Church during times of difficulty.

26. St. Felix I (c. 269 – 274)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Felix I
  • Personal name: Felix
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Felix I is known for his leadership during a period of persecution and for his efforts to maintain unity within the Church.

27. St. Eutychian (c. 275 – 283)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Eutychian
  • Personal name: Eutychian
  • Place of Birth: Tuscia, Italy
  • St. Eutychian is remembered for his care for the poor and for his efforts to address theological controversies.

28. St. Caius (c. 283 – 296)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Caius
  • Personal name: Caius
  • Place of Birth: Dalmatia (modern-day Croatia)
  • St. Caius is recognized for his contributions to the organization of the Church and for his support of those affected by persecution.

29. St. Marcellinus (c. 296 – 304)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Marcellinus
  • Personal name: Marcellinus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Marcellinus is known for his leadership during a time of persecution and for his eventual martyrdom.

30. St. Marcellus I (c. 308 – 309)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Marcellus I
  • Personal name: Marcellus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Marcellus I is remembered for his defense of the faith and for his efforts to reconcile those who had lapsed during persecution.

31. St. Eusebius (c. 309 – 309)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Eusebius
  • Personal name: Eusebius
  • Place of Birth: Greece (specific location uncertain)
  • St. Eusebius is remembered for his short but significant pontificate during a turbulent period in Church history.

32. St. Miltiades (Melchiades) (c. 311 – 314)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Miltiades (Melchiades)
  • Personal name: Miltiades (Melchiades)
  • Place of Birth: North Africa (specific location uncertain)
  • St. Miltiades is celebrated for his leadership during the persecution under Emperor Maxentius and for his efforts to reconcile the Donatist controversy.

33. St. Sylvester I (c. 314 – 335)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Sylvester I
  • Personal name: Sylvester
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Sylvester I is renowned for his role in the First Council of Nicaea and for his contributions to the Church's theological development.

34. St. Mark (c. 336 – 336)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Mark
  • Personal name: Mark
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Mark's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

35. St. Julius I (c. 337 – 352)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Julius I
  • Personal name: Julius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Julius I is remembered for his role in the Arian controversy and for his support of Athanasius of Alexandria.

36. Liberius (352–366)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Liberius
  • Personal name: Liberius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Liberius is notable for his pontificate during the Arian controversy and his later conflicts with Emperor Constantius II.

37. St. Damasus I (366–384)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Damasus I
  • Personal name: Damasus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Damasus I is remembered for his efforts to combat heresy, his contributions to liturgical practices, and his promotion of Rome as the center of Christianity.

38. St. Siricius (384–399)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Siricius
  • Personal name: Siricius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Siricius is recognized for issuing the first papal decretal and for his leadership during a period of theological controversies.

39. St. Anastasius I (399–401)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Anastasius I
  • Personal name: Anastasius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Anastasius I is known for his efforts to restore ecclesiastical discipline and for his support of St. Augustine of Hippo.

40. St. Innocent I (401–417)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Innocent I
  • Personal name: Innocent
  • Place of Birth: Albano Laziale, Italy
  • Innocent I played a significant role in Church governance and theological disputes, particularly in the West.

41. St. Zosimus (417–418)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Zosimus
  • Personal name: Zosimus
  • Place of Birth: Mesoraca, Italy
  • Zosimus is known for his involvement in controversies surrounding Pelagianism and his efforts to maintain papal authority.

42. Boniface I (418–422)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface I
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Boniface I is remembered for his diplomatic skills and his efforts to assert papal authority in ecclesiastical matters.

43. St. Celestine I (422–432)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Celestine I
  • Personal name: Celestine
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Celestine I is celebrated for his defense of orthodoxy and his role in condemning Nestorianism.

44. Sixtus III (432–440)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sixtus III
  • Personal name: Sixtus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Sixtus III is known for his construction projects in Rome, including the expansion and beautification of churches.

45. St. Leo I (the Great) (440–461)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Leo I (the Great)
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Tuscany, Italy
  • Leo I is renowned for his theological writings, his role in the Council of Chalcedon, and his efforts to assert papal supremacy.

46. St. Hilarius (461–468)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Hilarius
  • Personal name: Hilarius
  • Place of Birth: Sardinia, Italy
  • Hilarius is known for his defense of orthodoxy and his efforts to maintain papal authority during a period of theological controversies.

47. Simplicius (468–483)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Simplicius
  • Personal name: Simplicius
  • Place of Birth: Tivoli, Italy
  • Simplicius is remembered for his efforts to reconcile the Eastern and Western Churches and for his engagement in theological disputes.

48. St. Felix III (II) (483–492)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Felix III (II)
  • Personal name: Felix
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Felix III is notable for his involvement in the Acacian Schism and his efforts to assert papal authority in the West.

49. Gelasius I (492–496)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gelasius I
  • Personal name: Gelasius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gelasius I is known for his theological writings, his efforts to combat heresy, and his assertion of papal supremacy.

50. Anastasius II (496–498)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Anastasius II
  • Personal name: Anastasius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Anastasius II's pontificate was marked by controversies and conflicts with the Eastern Church, particularly regarding the Henotikon.

51. St. Symmachus (498–514)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Symmachus
  • Personal name: Symmachus
  • Place of Birth: Sardinia, Italy
  • Symmachus is known for his efforts to maintain papal authority amid internal and external challenges, including controversies surrounding his election.

52. St. Hormisdas (514–523)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Hormisdas
  • Personal name: Hormisdas
  • Place of Birth: Frosinone, Italy
  • Hormisdas is celebrated for his role in ending the Acacian Schism and for his contributions to doctrinal clarification.

53. St. John I (523–526)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. John I
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Tuscany, Italy
  • John I is remembered for his efforts to reconcile the Eastern and Western Churches and for his diplomatic skills during a period of political turmoil.

54. St. Felix IV (III) (526–530)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Felix IV (III)
  • Personal name: Felix
  • Place of Birth: Samnium, Italy
  • Felix IV is known for his construction projects in Rome, including the renovation of the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls.

55. Boniface II (530–532)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface II
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Boniface II's pontificate was marked by controversies surrounding his election and his attempts to assert papal authority.

56. John II (533–535)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John II
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John II is remembered for his efforts to restore papal authority in Italy and for his engagement in theological matters.

57. St. Agapetus I (535–536)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Agapetus I
  • Personal name: Agapetus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Agapetus I is known for his diplomatic mission to Constantinople and his efforts to maintain orthodoxy in the Eastern Church.

58. Silverius (536–537)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Silverius
  • Personal name: Silverius
  • Place of Birth: Frosinone, Italy
  • Silverius is remembered for his opposition to the Byzantine Emperor Justinian's policies and for his martyrdom.

59. Vigilius (537–555)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Vigilius
  • Personal name: Vigilius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Vigilius is known for his controversial papacy, including his involvement in the Three Chapters controversy and his conflicts with the Byzantine Empire.

60. Pelagius I (556–561)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pelagius I
  • Personal name: Pelagius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Pelagius I is recognized for his efforts to maintain unity within the Church and for his contributions to the development of canon law.

61. John III (561–574)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John III
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John III is remembered for his efforts to combat heresy and for his promotion of monasticism.

62. Benedict I (575–579)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict I
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict I is known for his diplomatic skills and his efforts to maintain papal authority amid political turmoil.

63. Pelagius II (579–590)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pelagius II
  • Personal name: Pelagius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Pelagius II is celebrated for his support of missionary activities and his efforts to maintain Church unity.

64. St. Gregory I (the Great) (590–604)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory I (the Great)
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gregory I is one of the most influential popes in history, known for his theological writings, missionary efforts, and administrative reforms.

65. Sabinian (604–606)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sabinian
  • Personal name: Sabinian
  • Place of Birth: Blera, Italy
  • Sabinian's pontificate was relatively uneventful, marked by internal administrative reforms.

66. Boniface III (607)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface III
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Boniface III's pontificate was brief but notable for his efforts to assert papal authority in the appointment of bishops.

67. St. Boniface IV (608–615)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Boniface IV
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Valeria, Italy
  • Boniface IV is remembered for his dedication of the Pantheon in Rome as a Christian church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary and all martyrs.

68. St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) (615–618)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I)
  • Personal name: Deusdedit (Adeodatus)
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Deusdedit, also known as Adeodatus I, is recognized for his charitable works and his efforts to maintain peace within the Church.

69. Boniface V (619–625)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface V
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Naples, Italy
  • Boniface V is known for his efforts to establish papal authority in various regions and for his contributions to the regulation of Church discipline.

70. Honorius I (625–638)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Honorius I
  • Personal name: Honorius
  • Place of Birth: Campania, Italy
  • Honorius I is remembered for his involvement in theological controversies, particularly the Monothelite controversy, and his efforts to maintain Church unity.

71. Severinus (640)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Severinus
  • Personal name: Severinus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Severinus's pontificate was brief, during which he focused on ecclesiastical matters and charitable works.

72. John IV (640–642)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John IV
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Dalmatia (modern-day Croatia)
  • John IV is known for his efforts to combat Monothelitism and for his support of the monastic movement.

73. Theodore I (642–649)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Theodore I
  • Personal name: Theodore
  • Place of Birth: Jerusalem
  • Theodore I is remembered for his efforts to maintain Church unity amid doctrinal disputes and his engagement in theological discussions.

74. St. Martin I (649–655)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Martin I
  • Personal name: Martin
  • Place of Birth: Todi, Italy
  • Martin I is celebrated for his defense of orthodoxy against Monothelitism and for his martyrdom under Emperor Constans II.

75. St. Eugene I (654–657)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Eugene I
  • Personal name: Eugene
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Eugene I is known for his efforts to restore the Church's properties and for his engagement in theological controversies.

76. St. Vitalian (657–672)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Vitalian
  • Personal name: Vitalian
  • Place of Birth: Segni, Italy
  • Vitalian is remembered for his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation within the Church and for his contributions to liturgical development.

77. Adeodatus II (672–676)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Adeodatus II
  • Personal name: Adeodatus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Adeodatus II's pontificate was marked by his efforts to maintain papal authority and his engagement in ecclesiastical matters.

78. Donus (676–678)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Donus
  • Personal name: Donus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Donus is known for his construction projects in Rome, including the renovation of churches, and for his efforts to promote peace.

79. St. Agatho (678–681)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Agatho
  • Personal name: Agatho
  • Place of Birth: Sicily, Italy
  • Agatho is celebrated for his role in the Sixth Ecumenical Council, where he condemned Monothelitism, and for his diplomatic skills.

80. St. Leo II (682–683)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Leo II
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Sicily, Italy
  • Leo II is remembered for his efforts to implement the decisions of the Sixth Ecumenical Council and for his promotion of orthodoxy.

81. St. Benedict II (684–685)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Benedict II
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict II is remembered for his efforts to promote peace and unity within the Church and for his charitable works.

82. John V (685–686)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John V
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Antioch (modern-day Turkey)
  • John V's pontificate was marked by his efforts to address the Byzantine Empire's religious policies and his support of the monastic movement.

83. Conon (686–687)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Conon
  • Personal name: Conon
  • Place of Birth: Thrace (modern-day Turkey)
  • Conon is known for his diplomatic skills and his efforts to maintain papal authority amid political and religious challenges.

84. St. Sergius I (687–701)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Sergius I
  • Personal name: Sergius
  • Place of Birth: Sicily, Italy
  • Sergius I is celebrated for his efforts to maintain orthodoxy and his role in Church administration during a period of political instability.

85. John VI (701–705)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John VI
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Ephesus (modern-day Turkey)
  • John VI is remembered for his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation within the Church and for his engagement in ecclesiastical matters.

86. John VII (705–707)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John VII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rossano, Italy
  • John VII is known for his efforts to address the iconoclasm controversy and for his contributions to Church governance.

87. Sisinnius (708)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sisinnius
  • Personal name: Sisinnius
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Sisinnius's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

88. Constantine (708–715)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Constantine
  • Personal name: Constantine
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Constantine is remembered for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his contributions to Church administration.

89. St. Gregory II (715–731)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory II
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gregory II is celebrated for his defense of the veneration of icons and for his efforts to assert papal authority in Italy.

90. St. Gregory III (731–741)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory III
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Gregory III is known for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his support of the Eastern Church amid persecution.

86. John VII (705–707)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John VII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rossano, Italy
  • John VII is known for his efforts to address the iconoclasm controversy and for his contributions to Church governance.

87. Sisinnius (708)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sisinnius
  • Personal name: Sisinnius
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Sisinnius's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

88. Constantine (708–715)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Constantine
  • Personal name: Constantine
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Constantine is remembered for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his contributions to Church administration.

89. St. Gregory II (715–731)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory II
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gregory II is celebrated for his defense of the veneration of icons and for his efforts to assert papal authority in Italy.

90. St. Gregory III (731–741)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory III
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Syria (specific location uncertain)
  • Gregory III is known for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his support of the Eastern Church amid persecution.

96. St. Leo III (795–816)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Leo III
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Leo III is known for his coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor and for his efforts to reform the Church.

97. Stephen IV (816–817)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen IV
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Stephen IV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to strengthen papal authority and to maintain peace within the Church.

98. St. Paschal I (817–824)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Paschal I
  • Personal name: Paschal
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Paschal I is celebrated for his support of the missionary activities of St. Ansgar and for his contributions to liturgical reforms.

99. Eugene II (824–827)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Eugene II
  • Personal name: Eugene
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Eugene II is remembered for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his contributions to Church administration.

100. Valentine (827)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Valentine
  • Personal name: Valentine
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Valentine's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

101. Gregory IV (827–844)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory IV
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gregory IV is known for his efforts to combat iconoclasm and for his support of Charlemagne.

102. Sergius II (844–847)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sergius II
  • Personal name: Sergius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Sergius II's pontificate was marked by internal conflicts within the Church and external threats to Rome.

103. St. Leo IV (847–855)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Leo IV
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Leo IV is celebrated for his fortification of Rome against Saracen invasions and for his dedication to the welfare of the poor and sick.

104. Benedict III (855–858)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict III
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict III is remembered for his efforts to maintain papal authority and for his support of the Frankish King Louis the Pious.

105. St. Nicholas I (the Great) (858–867)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Nicholas I (the Great)
  • Personal name: Nicholas
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Nicholas I is one of the most influential popes in history, known for his defense of papal supremacy and his involvement in Church-state relations.

106. Adrian II (867–872)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Adrian II
  • Personal name: Adrian
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Adrian II is known for his efforts to maintain peace within the Church and for his support of missionary activities.

107. John VIII (872–882)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John VIII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John VIII's pontificate was marked by political turmoil and threats from Muslim invasions, as well as controversies within the Church.

108. Marinus I (882–884)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Marinus I
  • Personal name: Marinus
  • Place of Birth: Gallese, Italy
  • Marinus I is remembered for his efforts to combat simony and for his promotion of Church reforms.

109. St. Adrian III (884–885)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Adrian III
  • Personal name: Adrian
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • St. Adrian III is celebrated for his support of missionary activities and for his efforts to promote education and culture.

110. Stephen V (885–891)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen V
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Stephen V's pontificate was marked by his efforts to address the crisis of the papacy and to combat abuses within the Church.

111. Formosus (891–896)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Formosus
  • Personal name: Formosus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Formosus's pontificate was marked by political intrigue and controversy, including the infamous Cadaver Synod.

112. Boniface VI (896)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface VI
  • Personal name: Boniface
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Boniface VI's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

113. Stephen VI (896–897)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen VI
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Stephen VI is infamous for his role in the Cadaver Synod, during which the corpse of his predecessor, Formosus, was exhumed and put on trial.

114. Romanus (897)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Romanus
  • Personal name: Romanus
  • Place of Birth: Gallese, Italy
  • Romanus's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

115. Theodore II (897)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Theodore II
  • Personal name: Theodore
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Theodore II's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

116. John IX (898–900)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John IX
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Tivoli, Italy
  • John IX is remembered for his efforts to combat simony and for his support of Church reform.

117. Benedict IV (900–903)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict IV
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict IV is known for his efforts to restore order in the Church and for his support of monasticism.

118. Leo V (903)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo V
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Ardea, Italy
  • Leo V's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

119. Sergius III (904–911)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sergius III
  • Personal name: Sergius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Sergius III's pontificate was marked by political intrigue and scandal, including allegations of murder and corruption.

120. Anastasius III (911–913)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Anastasius III
  • Personal name: Anastasius
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Anastasius III is remembered for his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation within the Church.

121. Lando (913–914)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Lando
  • Personal name: Lando
  • Place of Birth: Sabina, Italy
  • Lando's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

122. John X (914–928)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John X
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Tossignano, Italy
  • John X is known for his efforts to combat secular interference in Church affairs and for his support of the Carolingian dynasty.

123. Leo VI (928)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo VI
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Leo VI's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

124. Stephen VII (VIII) (929–931)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen VII (VIII)
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Stephen VII (VIII) is remembered for his involvement in the infamous Cadaver Synod and for his efforts to assert papal authority.

125. John XI (931–935)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XI
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XI's pontificate was marked by political turmoil and influence from powerful Roman families.

126. Leo VII (936–939)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo VII
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Leo VII is remembered for his efforts to promote reform within the Church and for his support of monasticism.

127. Stephen VIII (939–942)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen VIII
  • Personal name: Stephen
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Stephen VIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to address corruption within the clergy and to maintain papal authority.

128. Marinus II (942–946)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Marinus II
  • Personal name: Marinus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Marinus II is known for his involvement in political and ecclesiastical affairs, including conflicts with secular rulers.

129. Agapetus II (946–955)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Agapetus II
  • Personal name: Agapetus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Agapetus II is remembered for his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation within the Church and for his support of charitable works.

130. John XII (955–964)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XII's pontificate was marked by scandal and controversy, including allegations of immorality and abuse of power.

131. Leo VIII (963–964)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo VIII
  • Personal name: Leo
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Leo VIII's pontificate was marked by his struggle for papal legitimacy amid political instability in Rome.

132. Benedict V (964)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict V
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict V's pontificate was brief and marked by political turmoil, as he was deposed by Emperor Otto I.

133. John XIII (965–972)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XIII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XIII is known for his efforts to restore papal authority and for his involvement in diplomatic affairs.

134. Benedict VI (973–974)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict VI
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict VI's pontificate was marked by conflict with the Crescentii family and his eventual murder.

135. Benedict VII (974–983)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict VII
  • Personal name: Benedict
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict VII is remembered for his efforts to combat simony and for his promotion of Church reform.

136. John XIV (983–984)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XIV
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Pavia, Italy
  • John XIV's pontificate was marked by political intrigue and conflict with the Holy Roman Emperor Otto II.

137. John XV (985–996)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XV
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XV is known for his efforts to strengthen papal authority and for his involvement in political affairs.

138. Gregory V (996–999)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory V
  • Personal name: Gregory
  • Place of Birth: Saxony, Holy Roman Empire
  • Gregory V is remembered for his efforts to reform the Church and for his conflicts with the Crescentii family.

139. Sylvester II (999–1003)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sylvester II
  • Personal name: Gerbert of Aurillac
  • Place of Birth: Auvergne, France
  • Sylvester II is known for his scholarly pursuits and for his efforts to promote education and reform within the Church.

140. John XVII (1003)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XVII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XVII's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

141. John XVIII (1003–1009)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XVIII
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XVIII is known for his efforts to strengthen papal authority and for his diplomatic skills in navigating political conflicts.

142. Sergius IV (1009–1012)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sergius IV
  • Personal name: Peter
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Sergius IV's pontificate was marked by political instability and conflicts within the Church.

143. Benedict VIII (1012–1024)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict VIII
  • Personal name: Theophylactus of Tusculum
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict VIII is remembered for his efforts to reform the Church and for his role in consolidating papal power in Italy.

144. John XIX (1024–1032)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XIX
  • Personal name: Romanus
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • John XIX is known for his efforts to promote peace and stability in the Church and for his engagement in political affairs.

145. Benedict IX (1032–1044, 1045, 1047–1048)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict IX
  • Personal name: Theophylactus of Tusculum
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict IX's pontificate was marked by scandal and controversy, including his alleged immorality and abuses of power.

146. Sylvester III (1045)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sylvester III
  • Personal name: John
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Sylvester III's pontificate was brief and contested, amid the turmoil surrounding Benedict IX's reign.

147. Benedict IX (1045)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict IX (second reign)
  • Personal name: Theophylactus of Tusculum
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict IX's second reign was marked by continued scandal and controversy.

148. Gregory VI (1045–1046)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory VI
  • Personal name: John Gratian
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Gregory VI is known for his efforts to reform the Church and for his role in the resolution of the papal crisis of 1045.

149. Clement II (1046–1047)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement II
  • Personal name: Suidger
  • Place of Birth: Lower Saxony, Holy Roman Empire
  • Clement II is remembered for his efforts to promote reform within the Church and for his support of Emperor Henry III.

150. Benedict IX (1047–1048)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict IX (third reign)
  • Personal name: Theophylactus of Tusculum
  • Place of Birth: Rome
  • Benedict IX's third reign was marked by further controversy and instability.

151. Damasus II (1048)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Damasus II
  • Personal name: Poppo
  • Place of Birth: Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire
  • Damasus II's pontificate was brief, lasting only 23 days, and he died shortly after being consecrated.

152. St. Leo IX (1049–1054)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Leo IX
  • Personal name: Bruno of Egisheim-Dagsburg
  • Place of Birth: Alsace, Holy Roman Empire
  • St. Leo IX is renowned for his efforts to reform the Church and for his involvement in the Gregorian Reform movement.

153. Victor II (1055–1057)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Victor II
  • Personal name: Gebhard
  • Place of Birth: Swabia, Holy Roman Empire
  • Victor II's pontificate was marked by his support for the reforms initiated by Pope Leo IX.

154. Stephen IX (1057–1058)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Stephen IX
  • Personal name: Frederick of Lorraine
  • Place of Birth: Lorraine, Holy Roman Empire
  • Stephen IX is remembered for his efforts to reconcile the Eastern and Western Churches and for his support of papal reform.

155. Nicholas II (1059–1061)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Nicholas II
  • Personal name: Gerard of Burgundy
  • Place of Birth: Burgundy, Holy Roman Empire
  • Nicholas II is known for his role in the papal election reforms and for his efforts to assert papal authority over the Church.

156. Alexander II (1061–1073)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander II
  • Personal name: Anselm of Lucca
  • Place of Birth: Baggio, Lombardy, Holy Roman Empire
  • Alexander II is remembered for his efforts to consolidate papal authority and for his involvement in ecclesiastical and political affairs.

157. St. Gregory VII (1073–1085)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Gregory VII
  • Personal name: Hildebrand
  • Place of Birth: Sovana, Tuscany, Holy Roman Empire
  • St. Gregory VII is renowned for his role in the Investiture Controversy and for his efforts to reform the Church and assert papal supremacy.

158. Blessed Victor III (1086–1087)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Victor III
  • Personal name: Dauferius or Desiderius
  • Place of Birth: Benevento, Italy
  • Blessed Victor III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to continue the reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII.

159. Urban II (1088–1099)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban II
  • Personal name: Odo of ChΓ’tillon
  • Place of Birth: ChΓ’tillon-sur-Marne, Champagne, France
  • Urban II is best known for initiating the First Crusade with his famous speech at the Council of Clermont in 1095.

160. Paschal II (1099–1118)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paschal II
  • Personal name: Ranierius
  • Place of Birth: Bleda, near Ravenna, Italy
  • Paschal II's pontificate was marked by conflicts with secular powers, including the Investiture Controversy, and efforts to assert papal authority.

161. Gelasius II (1118–1119)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gelasius II
  • Personal name: Giovanni Coniulo
  • Place of Birth: Gaeta, Duchy of Gaeta
  • Gelasius II's pontificate was marked by conflicts with the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V over investiture.

162. Callixtus II (1119–1124)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Callixtus II
  • Personal name: Guy of Burgundy
  • Place of Birth: Burgundy, Kingdom of Burgundy
  • Callixtus II is remembered for resolving the investiture controversy with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.

163. Honorius II (1124–1130)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Honorius II
  • Personal name: Lamberto Scannabecchi
  • Place of Birth: Fagnano Alto, Kingdom of Sicily
  • Honorius II's pontificate was marked by conflicts with the antipope Anacletus II and struggles for control over the Papal States.

164. Innocent II (1130–1143)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent II
  • Personal name: Gregorio Papareschi
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Innocent II's pontificate was marked by the schism with the antipope Anacletus II and the Second Lateran Council.

165. Celestine II (1143–1144)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Celestine II
  • Personal name: Guido di Castello
  • Place of Birth: CittΓ  di Castello, Papal States
  • Celestine II's pontificate was short and marked by efforts to resolve the schism with the antipope Anacletus II.

166. Lucius II (1144–1145)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Lucius II
  • Personal name: Gherardo Caccianemici
  • Place of Birth: Bologna, Papal States
  • Lucius II's pontificate was marked by conflicts with the Roman Senate and the Commune of Rome.

167. Blessed Eugene III (1145–1153)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Eugene III
  • Personal name: Bernardo Pignatelli
  • Place of Birth: Pisa, Republic of Pisa
  • Eugene III's pontificate was marked by his support for the Second Crusade and efforts to reform the Church.

168. Anastasius IV (1153–1154)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Anastasius IV
  • Personal name: Corrado Demetri della Suburra
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Anastasius IV's pontificate was marked by efforts to reconcile conflicts between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire.

169. Adrian IV (1154–1159)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Adrian IV
  • Personal name: Nicholas Breakspear
  • Place of Birth: Abbots Langley, Hertfordshire, Kingdom of England
  • Adrian IV is the only English pope in history and is known for issuing the papal bull Laudabiliter, which granted Ireland to King Henry II of England.

170. Alexander III (1159–1181)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander III
  • Personal name: Rolando Bandinelli
  • Place of Birth: Siena, Republic of Siena
  • Alexander III's pontificate was marked by conflicts with the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and the struggle against antipope Victor IV.

171. Lucius III (1181–1185)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Lucius III
  • Personal name: Ubaldo Allucingoli
  • Place of Birth: Lucca, Republic of Lucca
  • Lucius III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat heresy, including the suppression of the Cathar and Waldensian movements.

172. Urban III (1185–1187)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban III
  • Personal name: Uberto Crivelli
  • Place of Birth: Milan, Holy Roman Empire
  • Urban III's pontificate was overshadowed by conflicts with the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin during the Third Crusade.

173. Gregory VIII (1187)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory VIII
  • Personal name: Alberto de Morra
  • Place of Birth: Benevento, Kingdom of Sicily
  • Gregory VIII's pontificate was brief and marked by his efforts to rally support for the Third Crusade following the fall of Jerusalem.

174. Clement III (1187–1191)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement III
  • Personal name: Paolo Scolari
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Clement III's pontificate was characterized by his support for the Third Crusade and efforts to maintain papal authority amid conflicts with the Holy Roman Empire.

175. Celestine III (1191–1198)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Celestine III
  • Personal name: Giacinto Bobone
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Celestine III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to consolidate papal authority and reform the Church, including measures against simony and clerical immorality.

176. Innocent III (1198–1216)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent III
  • Personal name: Lotario de' Conti di Segni
  • Place of Birth: Gavignano, Papal States
  • Innocent III's pontificate was one of the most significant in papal history, marked by his efforts to assert papal supremacy, reform the Church, and expand the authority of the Papal States.

177. Honorius III (1216–1227)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Honorius III
  • Personal name: Cencio Savelli
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Honorius III's pontificate saw the continuation of Innocent III's policies, including efforts to reform the Church and expand papal authority.

178. Gregory IX (1227–1241)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory IX
  • Personal name: Ugolino di Conti
  • Place of Birth: Anagni, Papal States
  • Gregory IX is known for his role in the establishment of the Papal Inquisition and his conflicts with Emperor Frederick II over secular authority.

179. Celestine IV (1241)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Celestine IV
  • Personal name: Goffredo Castiglioni
  • Place of Birth: Milan, Holy Roman Empire
  • Celestine IV's pontificate was short-lived, lasting only a few weeks before his death.

180. Innocent IV (1243–1254)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent IV
  • Personal name: Sinibaldo Fieschi
  • Place of Birth: Genoa, Republic of Genoa
  • Innocent IV's pontificate was marked by conflicts with Emperor Frederick II and his efforts to assert papal authority over secular rulers.

181. Alexander IV (1254–1261)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander IV
  • Personal name: Rinaldo di Jenne
  • Place of Birth: Jenne, Papal States
  • Alexander IV's pontificate was marked by efforts to reconcile conflicts within the Church and maintain papal authority.

182. Urban IV (1261–1264)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban IV
  • Personal name: Jacques PantalΓ©on
  • Place of Birth: Troyes, Champagne, Kingdom of France
  • Urban IV is remembered for instituting the feast of Corpus Christi and for his efforts to promote crusades against the Muslims.

183. Clement IV (1265–1268)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement IV
  • Personal name: Gui Foucois
  • Place of Birth: Saint-Gilles, Kingdom of France
  • Clement IV's pontificate was marked by his involvement in European politics and his efforts to resolve conflicts between secular rulers.

184. Blessed Gregory X (1271–1276)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Gregory X
  • Personal name: Teobaldo Visconti
  • Place of Birth: Piacenza, Holy Roman Empire
  • Gregory X is remembered for convening the Second Council of Lyon and for his efforts to promote church unity and reform.

185. Innocent V (1276)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent V
  • Personal name: Pierre de Tarentaise
  • Place of Birth: Tarentaise, Kingdom of France
  • Innocent V's pontificate was brief, lasting only five months, and was marked by his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation.

186. Adrian V (1276)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Adrian V
  • Personal name: Ottobuono de' Fieschi
  • Place of Birth: Genoa, Republic of Genoa
  • Adrian V's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only 38 days before his death.

187. John XXI (1276–1277)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XXI
  • Personal name: Pedro JuliΓ£o
  • Place of Birth: Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal
  • John XXI is remembered for his contributions to the fields of medicine and philosophy, as well as his efforts to reform the Church.

188. Nicholas III (1277–1280)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Nicholas III
  • Personal name: Giovanni Gaetano Orsini
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Nicholas III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to assert papal authority over the Papal States and his involvement in Italian politics.

189. Martin IV (1281–1285)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Martin IV
  • Personal name: Simon de Brion
  • Place of Birth: Touraine, Kingdom of France
  • Martin IV's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with the Hohenstaufen dynasty and his support for Charles of Anjou's claim to the Kingdom of Sicily.

190. Honorius IV (1285–1287)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Honorius IV
  • Personal name: Giacomo Savelli
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Honorius IV's pontificate was brief, and little is known about his activities during this time.

191. Nicholas IV (1288–1292)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Nicholas IV
  • Personal name: Girolamo Masci
  • Place of Birth: Lisciano, Papal States
  • Nicholas IV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and his patronage of the arts and sciences.

192. St. Celestine V (1294)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Celestine V
  • Personal name: Pietro Angelerio
  • Place of Birth: Isernia, Kingdom of Sicily
  • St. Celestine V's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only five months. He is remembered for his humility and his decision to abdicate the papacy.

193. Boniface VIII (1294–1303)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface VIII
  • Personal name: Benedetto Caetani
  • Place of Birth: Anagni, Papal States
  • Boniface VIII's pontificate was marked by conflicts with secular rulers, including King Philip IV of France, and his efforts to assert papal authority over temporal affairs.

194. Blessed Benedict XI (1303–1304)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Benedict XI
  • Personal name: NiccolΓ² Boccasini
  • Place of Birth: Treviso, Republic of Venice
  • Blessed Benedict XI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reconcile conflicts within the Church and his opposition to simony and nepotism.

195. Clement V (1305–1314)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement V
  • Personal name: Bertrand de Got
  • Place of Birth: Villandraut, Gascony, Kingdom of France
  • Clement V's pontificate was overshadowed by his relocation of the papal court to Avignon, marking the beginning of the Avignon Papacy.

196. John XXII (1316–1334)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John XXII
  • Personal name: Jacques DuΓ¨ze
  • Place of Birth: Cahors, Kingdom of France
  • John XXII's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV and his theological controversies, particularly his views on the Beatific Vision.

197. Benedict XII (1334–1342)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict XII
  • Personal name: Jacques Fournier
  • Place of Birth: Saverdun, County of Foix, Kingdom of France
  • Benedict XII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and his construction of the Papal Palace in Avignon.

198. Clement VI (1342–1352)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement VI
  • Personal name: Pierre Roger
  • Place of Birth: Maumont, Limousin, Kingdom of France
  • Clement VI's pontificate was marked by his lavish lifestyle and patronage of the arts, as well as his diplomatic efforts to maintain peace in Europe.

199. Innocent VI (1352–1362)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent VI
  • Personal name: Γ‰tienne Aubert
  • Place of Birth: Beyssac, Limousin, Kingdom of France
  • Innocent VI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church, his support for the Franciscan Order, and his diplomatic initiatives.

200. Blessed Urban V (1362–1370)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Urban V
  • Personal name: Guillaume Grimoard
  • Place of Birth: Grizac, Languedoc, Kingdom of France
  • Blessed Urban V's pontificate was marked by his attempts to return the papacy to Rome from Avignon, although he ultimately had to return to Avignon due to political instability.

201. Gregory XI (1370–1378)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XI
  • Personal name: Pierre Roger de Beaufort
  • Place of Birth: Maumont, Limousin, Kingdom of France
  • Gregory XI's pontificate was notable for his decision to return the papacy to Rome from Avignon, marking the end of the Avignon Papacy.

202. Urban VI (1378–1389)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban VI
  • Personal name: Bartolomeo Prignano
  • Place of Birth: Naples, Kingdom of Naples
  • Urban VI's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with the cardinals and the Western Schism, which saw the election of an antipope.

203. Boniface IX (1389–1404)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Boniface IX
  • Personal name: Pietro Tomacelli
  • Place of Birth: Naples, Kingdom of Naples
  • Boniface IX's pontificate was marked by his efforts to resolve the Western Schism and his conflicts with rival claimants to the papacy.

204. Innocent VII (1404–1406)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent VII
  • Personal name: Cosimo Gentile Migliorati
  • Place of Birth: Sulmona, Kingdom of Naples
  • Innocent VII's pontificate was marked by his attempts to reconcile factions within the Church and his efforts to maintain papal authority.

205. Gregory XII (1406–1415)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XII
  • Personal name: Angelo Correr
  • Place of Birth: Venice, Republic of Venice
  • Gregory XII's pontificate was marked by his role in the Council of Constance, where he resigned to help end the Western Schism.

206. Martin V (1417–1431)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Martin V
  • Personal name: Oddone Colonna
  • Place of Birth: Genazzano, Papal States
  • Martin V's pontificate was marked by his efforts to restore stability to the Church after the Western Schism and his role in the Council of Constance.

207. Eugene IV (1431–1447)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Eugene IV
  • Personal name: Gabriele Condulmer
  • Place of Birth: Venice, Republic of Venice
  • Eugene IV's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with the Council of Basel and his efforts to reform the Church.

208. Nicholas V (1447–1455)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Nicholas V
  • Personal name: Tommaso Parentucelli
  • Place of Birth: Sarzana, Republic of Genoa
  • Nicholas V's pontificate was marked by his patronage of the arts and scholarship, including the commissioning of manuscripts and the restoration of Rome.

209. Callixtus III (1455–1458)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Callixtus III
  • Personal name: Alfons de Borja
  • Place of Birth: XΓ tiva, Kingdom of Valencia
  • Callixtus III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat the Ottoman Turks and his support for the Spanish Inquisition.

210. Pius II (1458–1464)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius II
  • Personal name: Enea Silvio Piccolomini
  • Place of Birth: Corsignano, Republic of Siena
  • Pius II's pontificate was marked by his attempts to organize a crusade against the Ottoman Turks and his patronage of Renaissance humanism.

211. Paul II (1464–1471)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paul II
  • Personal name: Pietro Barbo
  • Place of Birth: Venice, Republic of Venice
  • Paul II's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and combat corruption, although he faced criticism for his lavish lifestyle.

212. Sixtus IV (1471–1484)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sixtus IV
  • Personal name: Francesco della Rovere
  • Place of Birth: Celle Ligure, Republic of Genoa
  • Sixtus IV's pontificate was marked by his patronage of the arts and the construction of the Sistine Chapel, as well as his involvement in Italian politics.

213. Innocent VIII (1484–1492)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent VIII
  • Personal name: Giovanni Battista Cybo
  • Place of Birth: Genoa, Republic of Genoa
  • Innocent VIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat heresy and his controversial papal bulls regarding witchcraft trials.

214. Alexander VI (1492–1503)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander VI
  • Personal name: Rodrigo Borgia
  • Place of Birth: XΓ tiva, Kingdom of Valencia
  • Alexander VI's pontificate was marked by his notorious reputation for corruption, nepotism, and political intrigue, including the infamous Borgia family scandals.

215. Pius III (1503)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius III
  • Personal name: Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini
  • Place of Birth: Siena, Republic of Siena
  • Pius III's pontificate was brief, lasting only 26 days, and was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and address issues of corruption.

216. Julius II (1503–1513)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Julius II
  • Personal name: Giuliano della Rovere
  • Place of Birth: Albissola Marina, Republic of Genoa
  • Julius II's pontificate was marked by his patronage of the arts, including the commissioning of Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and his military campaigns to expand Papal States.

217. Leo X (1513–1521)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo X
  • Personal name: Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici
  • Place of Birth: Florence, Republic of Florence
  • Leo X's pontificate was known for his lavish lifestyle, patronage of the arts, and his role in the Protestant Reformation, particularly his excommunication of Martin Luther.

218. Adrian VI (1522–1523)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Adrian VI
  • Personal name: Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens
  • Place of Birth: Utrecht, Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht
  • Adrian VI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church, combat corruption, and address the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation.

219. Clement VII (1523–1534)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement VII
  • Personal name: Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
  • Place of Birth: Florence, Republic of Florence
  • Clement VII's pontificate was overshadowed by political turmoil, including the Sack of Rome in 1527, and his inability to prevent the Protestant Reformation.

220. Paul III (1534–1549)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paul III
  • Personal name: Alessandro Farnese
  • Place of Birth: Canino, Papal States
  • Paul III's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church, including the Council of Trent, and his establishment of the Roman Inquisition.

221. Julius III (1550–1555)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Julius III
  • Personal name: Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Julius III's pontificate was marked by his patronage of the arts, including the completion of the Council of Trent, and his controversial relationship with his adopted nephew.

222. Marcellus II (1555)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Marcellus II
  • Personal name: Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi
  • Place of Birth: Montefano, Papal States
  • Marcellus II's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only 22 days, and was marked by his efforts to reform the Church.

223. Paul IV (1555–1559)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paul IV
  • Personal name: Giovanni Pietro Carafa
  • Place of Birth: Capriglia Irpina, Kingdom of Naples
  • Paul IV's pontificate was marked by his strict enforcement of Catholic orthodoxy, his establishment of the Roman Ghetto for Jews, and his conflicts with European monarchs.

224. Pius IV (1559–1565)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius IV
  • Personal name: Giovanni Angelo Medici
  • Place of Birth: Milan, Duchy of Milan
  • Pius IV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to implement the decrees of the Council of Trent and his promotion of Church unity.

225. St. Pius V (1566–1572)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Pius V
  • Personal name: Antonio Ghislieri
  • Place of Birth: Bosco, Duchy of Milan
  • St. Pius V's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat heresy, including the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth I of England, and his leadership during the Battle of Lepanto.

226. Gregory XIII (1572–1585)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XIII
  • Personal name: Ugo Boncompagni
  • Place of Birth: Bologna, Papal States
  • Gregory XIII's pontificate was marked by his implementation of the Gregorian calendar reform and his patronage of the arts, including the commissioning of the Gregorian chant.

227. Sixtus V (1585–1590)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Sixtus V
  • Personal name: Felice Peretti di Montalto
  • Place of Birth: Grottammare, Papal States
  • Sixtus V's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and the Papal States, including urban planning projects in Rome and the publication of the Sixtine Vulgate.

228. Urban VII (1590)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban VII
  • Personal name: Giovanni Battista Castagna
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Urban VII's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only 12 days, and was marked by his efforts to combat corruption and promote charity.

229. Gregory XIV (1590–1591)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XIV
  • Personal name: NiccolΓ² Sfondrati
  • Place of Birth: Somma Lombardo, Duchy of Milan
  • Gregory XIV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reconcile factions within the Church and his support for missionary activities.

230. Innocent IX (1591)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent IX
  • Personal name: Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti de Nuce
  • Place of Birth: Bologna, Papal States
  • Innocent IX's pontificate was brief, lasting only two months, and was marked by his efforts to address the aftermath of the Western Schism and promote peace in Europe.

231. Clement VIII (1592–1605)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement VIII
  • Personal name: Ippolito Aldobrandini
  • Place of Birth: Fano, Papal States
  • Clement VIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reconcile European powers and his role in the Counter-Reformation, including the publication of the Clementine Vulgate.

232. Leo XI (1605)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo XI
  • Personal name: Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici
  • Place of Birth: Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  • Leo XI's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only 27 days, and was marked by his efforts to promote Church unity and reform.

233. Paul V (1605–1621)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paul V
  • Personal name: Camillo Borghese
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Paul V's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with secular rulers, including the Venetian Republic, and his efforts to combat heresy and promote Catholic orthodoxy.

234. Gregory XV (1621–1623)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XV
  • Personal name: Alessandro Ludovisi
  • Place of Birth: Bologna, Papal States
  • Gregory XV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and his support for missionary activities, including the establishment of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith.

235. Urban VIII (1623–1644)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Urban VIII
  • Personal name: Maffeo Barberini
  • Place of Birth: Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  • Urban VIII's pontificate was marked by his patronage of the arts, including the construction of the Barberini family palaces and his conflicts with Galileo Galilei over the heliocentric theory.

236. Innocent X (1644–1655)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent X
  • Personal name: Giovanni Battista Pamphilj
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Innocent X's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with the Barberini family and his efforts to assert papal authority over secular rulers.

237. Alexander VII (1655–1667)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander VII
  • Personal name: Fabio Chigi
  • Place of Birth: Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  • Alexander VII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote peace in Europe and his patronage of the arts, including the construction of the colonnade in St. Peter's Square.

238. Clement IX (1667–1669)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement IX
  • Personal name: Giulio Rospigliosi
  • Place of Birth: Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  • Clement IX's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote reconciliation within the Church and his patronage of the arts.

239. Clement X (1670–1676)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement X
  • Personal name: Emilio Bonaventura Altieri
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Papal States
  • Clement X's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat nepotism and his support for missionary activities, including the establishment of the Urban College of Propaganda for the Faith.

240. Blessed Innocent XI (1676–1689)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Innocent XI
  • Personal name: Benedetto Odescalchi
  • Place of Birth: Como, Duchy of Milan
  • Blessed Innocent XI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church, combat corruption, and promote charity, including his opposition to simony and nepotism.

241. Alexander VIII (1689–1691)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Alexander VIII
  • Personal name: Pietro Vito Ottoboni
  • Place of Birth: Venice, Republic of Venice
  • Alexander VIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church's finances and his conflicts with secular rulers, particularly over papal authority.

242. Innocent XII (1691–1700)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent XII
  • Personal name: Antonio Pignatelli
  • Place of Birth: Spinazzola, Kingdom of Naples
  • Innocent XII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to combat corruption and nepotism within the Church, as well as his support for missionary activities.

243. Clement XI (1700–1721)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement XI
  • Personal name: Giovanni Francesco Albani
  • Place of Birth: Urbino, Papal States
  • Clement XI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote Catholic orthodoxy and his conflicts with secular rulers, particularly over the appointment of bishops.

244. Innocent XIII (1721–1724)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Innocent XIII
  • Personal name: Michelangelo dei Conti
  • Place of Birth: Poli, Papal States
  • Innocent XIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church's finances and his support for missionary activities, particularly in Asia.

245. Benedict XIII (1724–1730)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict XIII
  • Personal name: Pietro Francesco Orsini
  • Place of Birth: Gravina di Puglia, Kingdom of Naples
  • Benedict XIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote piety and his conflicts with secular rulers, particularly over papal authority.

246. Clement XII (1730–1740)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement XII
  • Personal name: Lorenzo Corsini
  • Place of Birth: Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
  • Clement XII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church's finances and his support for missionary activities, particularly in Asia and the Americas.

247. Benedict XIV (1740–1758)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict XIV
  • Personal name: Prospero Lambertini
  • Place of Birth: Bologna, Papal States
  • Benedict XIV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote scholarship and culture, his opposition to nepotism and corruption, and his condemnation of various theological errors.

248. Clement XIII (1758–1769)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement XIII
  • Personal name: Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico
  • Place of Birth: Venice, Republic of Venice
  • Clement XIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to maintain papal authority and defend the Church against attacks from secular rulers, as well as his patronage of the arts.

249. Clement XIV (1769–1774)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Clement XIV
  • Personal name: Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli
  • Place of Birth: Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna, Papal States
  • Clement XIV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to reform the Church and promote peace, as well as his suppression of the Jesuits in 1773.

250. Pius VI (1775–1799)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius VI
  • Personal name: Giovanni Angelo Braschi
  • Place of Birth: Cesena, Papal States
  • Pius VI's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with secular powers, particularly during the French Revolution and the subsequent Napoleonic Wars, as well as his efforts to promote Church unity and reform.

251. Pius VII (1800–1823)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius VII
  • Personal name: Barnaba NiccolΓ² Maria Luigi Chiaramonti
  • Place of Birth: Cesena, Papal States
  • Pius VII's pontificate was marked by his conflicts with Napoleon Bonaparte, including his imprisonment and exile, as well as his efforts to restore the Church's authority after the French Revolution.

252. Leo XII (1823–1829)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo XII
  • Personal name: Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola della Genga
  • Place of Birth: Genga, Papal States
  • Leo XII's pontificate was marked by his conservative stance on theological and political issues, as well as his efforts to combat liberalism and modernism within the Church.

253. Pius VIII (1829–1830)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius VIII
  • Personal name: Francesco Saverio Castiglioni
  • Place of Birth: Cingoli, Papal States
  • Pius VIII's pontificate was brief and marked by his efforts to promote peace and reconciliation, as well as his opposition to various forms of political and religious extremism.

254. Gregory XVI (1831–1846)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Gregory XVI
  • Personal name: Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari
  • Place of Birth: Belluno, Republic of Venice
  • Gregory XVI's pontificate was marked by his conservative stance on theological and political issues, as well as his efforts to combat liberalism, modernism, and nationalism within the Church.

255. Blessed Pius IX (1846–1878)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Blessed Pius IX
  • Personal name: Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti
  • Place of Birth: Senigallia, Papal States
  • Blessed Pius IX's pontificate was one of the longest in history and was marked by significant social, political, and theological developments, including the First Vatican Council and the proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception.

256. Leo XIII (1878–1903)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Leo XIII
  • Personal name: Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci
  • Place of Birth: Carpineto Romano, Papal States
  • Leo XIII's pontificate was marked by his efforts to address social issues, promote Catholic education, and engage with modern developments, including issuing the encyclical Rerum Novarum on social justice.

257. St. Pius X (1903–1914)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. Pius X
  • Personal name: Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto
  • Place of Birth: Riese, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
  • St. Pius X's pontificate was marked by his opposition to modernism within the Church, his efforts to promote liturgical reforms, and his emphasis on personal holiness.

258. Benedict XV (1914–1922)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict XV
  • Personal name: Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa
  • Place of Birth: Pegli, Kingdom of Sardinia
  • Benedict XV's pontificate was marked by his efforts to promote peace during World War I, his humanitarian work, and his attempts to address social and political issues in the aftermath of the war.

259. Pius XI (1922–1939)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius XI
  • Personal name: Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti
  • Place of Birth: Desio, Kingdom of Italy
  • Pius XI's pontificate was marked by his efforts to address social, political, and economic issues, including the publication of the encyclical Quadragesimo Anno on social justice and his opposition to totalitarian regimes.

260. Pius XII (1939–1958)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pius XII
  • Personal name: Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli
  • Place of Birth: Rome, Kingdom of Italy
  • Pius XII's pontificate was marked by his leadership during World War II, his efforts to promote peace and aid refugees, and his controversial stance on the Holocaust.

261. St. John XXIII (1958–1963)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. John XXIII
  • Personal name: Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
  • Place of Birth: Sotto il Monte, Kingdom of Italy
  • St. John XXIII's pontificate was marked by his convening of the Second Vatican Council, his efforts to promote Christian unity, and his commitment to social justice.

262. Paul VI (1963–1978)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Paul VI
  • Personal name: Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini
  • Place of Birth: Concesio, Kingdom of Italy
  • Paul VI's pontificate was marked by the conclusion of the Second Vatican Council, his efforts to implement its reforms, and his travels around the world to promote peace and dialogue.

263. John Paul I (1978)

  • Name (English/Regnal): John Paul I
  • Personal name: Albino Luciani
  • Place of Birth: Forno di Canale, Kingdom of Italy
  • John Paul I's pontificate was one of the shortest in papal history, lasting only 33 days, and was marked by his simplicity, humility, and commitment to pastoral care.

264. St. John Paul II (1978–2005)

  • Name (English/Regnal): St. John Paul II
  • Personal name: Karol JΓ³zef WojtyΕ‚a
  • Place of Birth: Wadowice, Poland
  • St. John Paul II's pontificate was marked by his extensive travels, his efforts to promote human rights and dignity, and his role in the fall of communism in Eastern Europe.

265. Benedict XVI (2005–2013)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Benedict XVI
  • Personal name: Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger
  • Place of Birth: Marktl am Inn, Germany
  • Benedict XVI's pontificate was marked by his emphasis on continuity with tradition, his engagement with intellectual and cultural issues, and his resignation from the papacy in 2013.

266. Pope Francis (2013–2025)

  • Name (English/Regnal): Pope Francis
  • Personal name: Jorge Mario Bergoglio
  • Place of Birth: Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Pope Francis's pontificate has been marked by his emphasis on mercy, humility, and social justice, as well as his efforts to reform the Roman Curia and address various global issues such as poverty and climate change.

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